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标题: 王崇芳《世界语实用中级课本》--第3课补充注释 [打印本页]

作者: anniespera 时间: 2011-10-15 17:00
标题: 王崇芳《世界语实用中级课本》--第3课补充注释
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第三课课文补充注释</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><xml:namespace prefix="o" ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com

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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">1. Ilia filo, mia kuzo, sidas apud mia juna fratino, kiu estas lia kuzino. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他们的儿子，也就是我的堂弟（或堂兄），坐在我妹妹的身旁，她是他的堂妹。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">句中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">mia kuzo</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">Ilia filo</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的同位语，指的是同一人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2. Bonaj estas niaj geavoj! </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们的爷爷奶奶真好！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">bonaj</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是句子的表语，置于句首，表示强调。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><xml:namespace prefix="st1" ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com

ffice:smarttags" /><st1:place w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">Ili</span></st1:place><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"> tre ĝojas kaj ridas, kaj ankaŭ la tuta familio. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他们非常快乐地笑着，全家人也都快乐地笑着。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">kaj ankaŭ la tuta familio</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是一个略去“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">tre ĝojas kaj ridas</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的省略句。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">1. Li kaj <span style="COLOR: red">onklino </span>Maria havas kvar. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他和玛丽娅生了四个孩子。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">kvar</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">后省略</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">infanoj.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2. La infanoj de <span style="COLOR: red">onklino </span>Maria kaj<span style="BACKGROUND: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow"> </span><span style="COLOR: red">onklo </span>Johano estas duonfratoj kaj duonfratinoj al la aliaj infanoj. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">玛丽娅舅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">/</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">姨妈与约翰舅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">/</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">姨父生的孩子是其他孩子的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">duonfratoj</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">duonfratinoj.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">句中介词</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">al</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">表示“对于”、“牵涉”等关系。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">3. Sed kion diras<span style="BACKGROUND: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow"> </span><span style="COLOR: red">onklino </span> Maria en sia letero? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">玛丽娅舅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">/</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">姨妈在信中说的什么？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">sed</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”在这里表示<span style="BACKGROUND: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">回</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">到原来的话题上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">4. infano, knabo</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的区别如下：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="COLOR: red">infano </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">指对父母或成人而言的“儿童”、“小孩”、“孩子”，既可指男孩，也可指女孩，所以它后面不可再加后缀</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">-in</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">构成“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">infanino</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”。“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">knabo</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的意思是“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">virseksa infano</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”，直译为“男性小孩”，即“男孩”；女孩为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">knabino</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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